Need for an annual influenza vaccine injection
Posted on November 1, 2009
Filed Under H1N1 Prevention | Leave a Comment
In the past 100 years, there are five sub-global influenza pandemic. Which occurred in the 1918 influenza pandemic caused at least 21 million deaths. Therefore, the world has always attached great importance to the flu. So, how can we do to prevent influenza?
Influenza, referred to as influenza, is a respiratory illness caused by influenza virus, highly contagious, and the common cold compared with influenza-like symptoms usually appear more serious. Typical symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, stuffy nose, headache, muscle aches, extreme fatigue and so on. Some patients, mainly children, can also be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms.
Three categories of persons should not receive influenza vaccination
Influenza patients in general 1 to 2 weeks will be a natural recovery, but some patients develop more serious illness, such as pneumonia, complicated, and even lead to death. In general, children are susceptible of influenza, but not high-risk populations; the elderly and patients with chronic diseases, people are at high risk of influenza. Influenza virus A, B, C 3 type. Outbreak of influenza is usually Influenza A or influenza B viruses. Hepatitis C is generally distributed flu symptoms mild or asymptomatic. There are many subtypes of influenza A viruses, currently circulating influenza viruses, including a three subtypes, A 1 and B subtypes. These three kinds of influenza vaccine viruses, so is the trivalent vaccine.
Influenza virus caused disease and death can often be prevented by vaccination. Some high-risk groups such as people over 50 years of age, of any age with chronic diseases (such as coronary heart disease, chronic bronchitis, nephritis, diabetes), immune function in patients with low, long-term aspirin therapy for children, as well as these patients in close contact with medical staff and their families, pregnant women more than 3 months and so on, in the influenza epidemic season, should receive the influenza vaccine. In addition, the different regions of the peak of an influenza pandemic vary, as in the southern hemisphere temperate region is 4 to September in the northern hemisphere temperate region is November to March next year. People travel plans, if the travel schedule coincide with influenza during a pandemic, influenza vaccination also needs to ensure a safe journey.
For the high-risk populations, should receive influenza vaccination each year. But the fact that very few can do that. There may be several reasons:
First of all, some people have received flu vaccination, but later suffered from flu which they do not like the flu disease (such as the common cold), so they believe the vaccine useless, can not effectively protect them. Influenza vaccine does not prevent 100 percent of influenza occur, because the whole, the effect of influenza vaccine depends on the one hand, choice of vaccine strains and epidemic strains match then the other, depending on the body’s immune function. For the health of young people, the influenza vaccine protection rate of around 70% ~ 90%, but for the elderly and chronically ill effect has to be some difference. Although the number of poor results, but after vaccination, even if infected with influenza virus, are still able to alleviate the symptoms.
Secondly, some people think that flu does not matter, so do not want to vaccination, and even believe that vaccination would cause influenza. In fact, this worry is unnecessary, since the approval of listing of our flu vaccines are all inactivated vaccine.
In addition, there are some people had certain misgivings about the side effects of influenza vaccines. Indeed, like the influenza vaccine and other vaccines, can cause some serious allergic reactions, but the probability is very small. These allergies are usually allergic to eggs clear, because influenza vaccines are generally produced using chicken embryo, which contains egg white components. Those who have egg allergies and those previously vaccinated people who are allergic influenza vaccine, immunization with influenza vaccine before should tell the doctor in order to avoid allergic reactions. The individual patient’s vaccination site may be pain in two days or so, but generally will not affect the normal work. Some children the first time, influenza vaccination, may be 6 to 12 hours after inoculation developed fever, and continued to 1 to 2 days, but do not have to worry too much, after will be safe and sound, and to produce immunity against influenza.
Some readers asked why the number of vaccine inoculation lifetime, or once every couple of years line, while the annual influenza vaccine inoculation have to do? The first reason is that influenza virus is mutating fast. The most prominent feature of influenza viruses is a variation of fast, For this reason, the body’s immune system often do not know this has been played and their own dealings bad thing, causing influenza viruses can year after year, stirring up trouble. So, this year’s vaccine may only be vaccinated against influenza virus this year, the attacks can not be changed for next year guarantee against influenza virus attacks. Another reason is that a year later, the body’s resistance to influenza viruses has been declined.
For the prevention of influenza, in addition to the vaccine than in peacetime, we should pay attention to exercise, to keep the room clean; in the influenza epidemic season, keep warm, do not over-exertion, try not to bring their children with access to public places and contact with flu patients. Influenza patients and their families should be separated from appliances, multi-bed rest, drink plenty of water, eat some easily digestible food. Under the guidance of a doctor’s medication, to prevent bacterial infections, resistance to viruses and alleviate the symptoms.
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